Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Notes pdf
In CBSE Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Notes pdf: India – Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife we discuss India – Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife notes. In this post, we provide NCERT Class 6 Geography Chapter 8 Notes. You can also download the class 6th geography chapter 8 notes pdf. Class 6 India – Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife notes provide you with a basic understanding of Weather, Seasons in India, Climate, Natural vegetation, Type of Vegetation in India and Wildlife in India.
Class 6th Geography Chapter 8 Notes
What is weather?
Weather is about day-to-day changes in the atmosphere. It includes changes in temperature,
rainfall and sunshine etc.
Major Seasons in India
Broadly, there are four major seasons recognised in India that are:
- Cold Weather Season (Winter) December to February- During the winter season, the sun’s rays do not fall directly in the region. As a result, the temperatures are quite low in northern India.
- Hot Weather Season (Summer) March to May- In the hot weather season sun rays more or less directly fall in this region. Temperature becomes very high. Hot and dry winds called loo, blow during the day.
- Southwest Monsoon Season (Rainy) June to September- This season is marked by the onset and advance of the monsoon. The winds blow from the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal towards the land. They carry moisture with them. When these winds strike the mountain barriers, rainfall occurs.
- Season of Retreating Monsoon (Autumn) October and November- Winds move back from the mainland to the Bay of Bengal so this season of the retreating monsoons. The southern parts of India, particularly Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh receive rainfall in this season.
Climate
- The climate is about the average weather condition, which has been measured over many years.
Climate of India
- The climate of India has broadly been described as a Monsoon type. Monsoon is taken from the Arabic word ‘mausim’, which means seasons. Due to India’s location in the tropical region, most of the rain is brought by monsoon winds. Agriculture in India is dependent on rain. Good monsoons mean adequate rain and a bountiful crop.
- Factor Affecting The Climate- The climate of a place is affected by its location, altitude, distance from the sea, and relief. Therefore, we experience regional differences in the climate of India. for example, Jaisalmer and Bikaner in the desert of Rajasthan are very hot, while Drass and Kargil in Jammu and Kashmir are freezing cold.
Natural Vegetation
The grasses, shrubs and trees, which grow on their own without interference or help from human beings are called natural vegetation.
- We see a variety of plant life in our surroundings. There are also small plants called bushes and shrubs like cactus and flowering plants etc. Besides, there are many tall trees some with many branches and leaves like neem, mango or some which stand with few leaves such as palm.
- Different types of natural vegetation are dependent on different climatic conditions, and the amount of rainfall is also very important.
- Due to varied climatic conditions, India has a wide range of natural vegetation.
Type of Vegetation in India
The vegetation of India can be divided into five types
- Tropical evergreen forest / Tropical Rain Forests
- Tropical Rain Forests occur in the areas which receive heavy rainfall.
- They are so dense that sunlight doesn’t reach the ground.
- Many species of trees are found in these forests, which shed their leaves at different times of the year. Therefore, they always appear green and are called evergreen forest
- Important trees found in these forests are mahogany, ebony and rosewood.
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of North-Eastern states and a narrow strip of the Western slope of the Western Ghats are home to these forests.
- Tropical deciduous forest/monsoon forests–
- They are less dense. They shed their leaves at a particular time of the year.
- Important trees of these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham.
- They are found in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and parts of Maharashtra.
- Thorny bushes–
- This type of vegetation is found in dry areas of the country.
- The leaves of the tree are in the form of spines to reduce the loss of water.
- Important trees of these forests are Cactus, Khair, babool, and keekar.
- They are found in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Eastern slopes of Western Ghats and Gujarat.
- Mountain vegetation-
- These trees are called coniferous trees.
- Most of the trees are conical in shape.
- Important trees of these forests are Chir, Pine and Deodar.
- Mangrove forests–
- These forests can survive in saline water.
- They are found mainly in Sunderbans in West Bengal and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
- Sundari is a well-known species of trees in mangrove forests after which Sunderbans have been named.
Why is Forest Necessary
Forests are very useful for us. They perform various functions.
- Plants release oxygen that we breathe and absorb carbon dioxide.
- The roots of the plants bind the soil; thus, they control soil erosion.
- Forests provide us with timber for furniture, fuel wood, fodder, medicinal plants and herbs, lac, honey, gum, etc.
- Forests are the natural habitat of wildlife.
Wild Life
There are thousands of species of animals and a large variety of reptiles, amphibians, mammals, birds, insects and worms which dwell in the forest.
- The tiger is our national animal. It is found in various parts of the country. Gir forest in Gujarat is the home of Asiatic lions.
- Elephants and one-horned rhinoceroses roam in the forests of Assam. Elephants are also found in Kerala and Karnataka.
- Camels and wild asses are found in the Great Indian desert and the Rann of Kuchchh respectively.
- Wild goats, snow leopards, bears, etc. are found in the Himalayan region.
- Besides these, many other animals are found in our country such as monkeys, wolves, jackals, nilgai, cheetal, etc.
India is equally rich in bird life. The peacock is our national bird. Other common birds are parrots, pigeons, mynah, geese, bulbul and ducks. There are several bird sanctuaries
There are several hundreds of species of snakes found in India. Cobras and
kraits are important among them.
Due to the cutting of forests and hunting, several species of wildlife in India are
declining rapidly. Many species have already become extinct.
In order to protect them many national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves
have been set up. The Government has also started Project Tiger and Project
Elephant to protect these animals.
Every year we observe wildlife week in the first week of October, to
create awareness of conserving the habitats of the animal kingdom.
India – Climate Vegetation and Wildlife notes pdf is provided by NCERT Books. We hope Class 6 geography ch 8 notes help in your study. Students are advised to read NCERT Book for Class 6 geography Chapter 7 pdf. We also provide ncert books for class 6 for all subjects click you can also download them.