Geography For UPSC

Here we provide complete study material of geography for UPSC. You can find Geography Notes for UPSC, Preparation strategy for geography, geography PYQ all at one place.

UPSC Geography – IMP Links

  • Syllabus of Geography for UPSC
  • Geography Books for UPSC
  • Geography PYQ
  • How to Prepare Geography for UPSC

Geography Notes For UPSC ( Prelims + Mains )

As you know geography is a very important subject for UPSC exam be it prelims or Mains. Geography Notes for UPSC IAS will help you in your preparation. We provide UPSC Notes for Geography for each and every topic to help students to clear IAS exam. You can access Geography Notes for IAS exam below.

1. The Solar System & Geologic Time Scale

  • The Universe, Big Bang Theory and The Evolution of The Universe
  • Theories of Evolution of Earth
  • Gravitational Waves, Doppler-Shift, Cosmic Microwave Background
  • Star Formation (Stellar Evolution or Life Cycle of A Star)
  • Galaxies: Spiral Galaxies & Elliptical Galaxies, Our Galaxy (The Milky Way)
  • The Formation of the Solar System: Nuclear Disc Model (Neo-Laplacian model)
  • Components of the Solar System, Planets and Their Major Moons
  • The Sun’s Internal Structure and Atmosphere, Solar Wind
  • Planets of the Solar System: Inner Planets and Outer Planets
  • Asteroids, Asteroid Belt, Kuiper Belt, Comets, Meteoroid, Meteor and Meteorite
  • What’s the Closest Star to the Sun? Proxima Centauri or Alpha Centauri?
  • Heliopause ― The boundary of The Solar System
  • Distant Artificial Objects Exploring the Solar System

2. Geomorphology

  • Latitudes, Longitudes
  • Motions of The Earth: Rotation and Revolution
  • Major Domains of The Earth: Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere
  • Interior of the Earth: Core, Mantle and Crust
  • Earthquake Causes and Effects
  • Seismic Waves and Earth’s Interior: P Waves, S Waves, L Waves
  • Volcanism and Volcanic Landforms
  • Classification of Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
  • Continental Drift Theory (Alfred Wegener)
  • Convectional Current Theory
  • Paleomagnetism: Earth’s Magnetic Field
  • Seafloor Spreading Theory (H. Harry Hess)
  • Plate Tectonics Theory (W.J Morgan)
  • Endogenic Forces: Epeirogenic and Orogenic
  • Exogenic Forces: Denudation & Weathering
  • Tsunami and Its Causes & Tsunami Warning Systems
  • Landforms: Types of Mountains, Plateaus, and Plains
  • Fluvial Landforms: Erosional and Depositional
  • Marine Landforms: Erosional and Depositional
  • Karst Landforms: Erosional and Depositional
  • Glacial Landforms: Erosional and Depositional
  • Periglacial Processes & Periglacial Landforms
  • Desert Landforms: Erosional and Depositional
  • Lakes & Types of Lakes
  • Important Lakes of India
  • Major Plateaus of the World

3. Climatology

  • Climatology
  • Origin of Atmosphere
  • Latitudes, Longitudes, Heat Zones Of Earth
  • Motions Of The Earth: Rotation And Revolution
  • Composition And Structure Of The Atmosphere
  • Insolation And Heat Budget Of The Earth
  • Temperature Belts Of Earth
  • Temperature Inversion: Types & Effects On Weather
  • Heat Budget Of Earth
  • Pressure Belts Of The Earth
  • Wind And Wind Types
  • Clouds And Its Types
  • Precipitation: Types Of Precipitation & Types Of Rainfall
  • Cyclones, Anticyclones, Air Mass, and Fronts
  • Tropical Cyclones & Tornado
  • Air mass
  • Fronts and Types of Fronts
  • Jet Streams
  • Temperate Cyclones (Extratropical cyclone)
  • Koppen climate classification system
  • Thornthwaite Climatic Classification
  • Trewartha Climatic Classification
  • Climatic Regions Of World
  • Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis

4. Oceanography

  • Ocean Relief Features
  • Important Seas of the World
  • Ocean Waves
  • Tides
  • Ocean Current
  • Ocean Salinity
  • Temperature Distribution of Oceans
  • Oceanic Resources And Deposits
  • El Nino And La Nina
  • Coral Reefs & Coral Bleaching
  • Sea level Changes
  • Oceans Issues and Threats
  • Ocean Pollution (Marine Pollution)
  • United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

5. Indian Geography

  • Indian Geographical Extent and Frontiers
  • Rock System of India (Archaean, Purana, Dravidian & Aryan)
  • Himalayas Formation & Structure of Himalayas
  • Himalayan Ranges – Greater, Middle, Shiwaliks
  • Longitudinal Division of Himalayas
  • Mountain Passes Of India
  • Important Hill Ranges of India
  • Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Plains
  • Indian Peninsular Plateau (Deccan Plateau)
  • Western And Eastern Ghats
  • Western And Eastern Coastal Plains
  • Indian Islands – Andaman & Nicobar, Lakshadweep
  • Indian River System (Drainage Systems of India)
  • Ganga River System
  • Yamuna River System
  • Brahmaputra Rivern System
  • Indus River System
  • Mahanadi River System
  • Godavari River System
  • Krishna River System
  • Cauvery(Kaveri) River System
  • East Flowing Rivers
  • West Flowing Rivers (Narmada, Tapi, etc.)
  • Mechanism of Indian Monsoon
  • Tropical cyclones
  • Western disturbances
  • Floods
  • Droughts
  • Climatic Regions of India
  • Koeppen’s Classification of Climatic regions of India
  • Natural vegetation of India
  • Soil types and their distributions
  • Important Glaciers in India
  • List of Mountain Ranges in India
  • Important Tribes of India

6. Economic Geography

  • Mineral Resources: Iron Ore distribution in India
  • Manganese Ore Distribution in India
  • Copper, Nickel & Chromite Distribution in India
  • Bauxite Distribution in India
  • Lead, Zinc, Tungsten & Pyrites Distribution
  • Uranium and Thorium Distribution in India
  • Gold & Silver Distribution in India
  • Diamond & Graphite Distribution in India
  • Non-Metallic – Mica, Limestone, Dolomite, Asbestos & other
  • Energy Resources – Coal Reserves in India (Coal Mines)
  • Energy Resources – Natural Gas Reserves in India
  • Energy Resources – Petroleum Reserves in India
  • Renewable energy: Hydroelectric Power
  • Renewable energy: Wind Energy
  • Renewable energy: Solar Energy
  • Renewable energy: Geothermal Energy
  • Renewable Energy: Ocean Energy
  • Renewable Energy: Biomass Energy
  • Land Resources of India
  • Wildlife Resources in India
  • Forest Resources in India
  • Water Resources in India
  • Biotic and marine resources
  • World Resources & their Distribution

7. World Geography Notes

  • Asia
  • Africa
  • Europe
  • North America
  • South America
  • Australia And Oceania
  • Antarctica
  • Major Straits of The World
  • Important Seas of the world
  • Important Lakes of the World
  • Important Trenches of the World
  • Important Peninsulas in the World
  • Important Gulfs of the World
  • Important Rivers of the World
  • Important Waterfalls of the World
  • Important Islands of the World
  • Grasslands of the World
  • Important Dams of the World
  • Important Ports of the World
  • Major Plateaus of the World
  • Important Boundaries Lines in the World
  • Historical Region and Disputed Regions

8. Indian Geography

  • Important Islands of India
  • List of Beaches in India
  • Coastal Plains of India
  • Important Lakes of India
  • Mountain Ranges in India
  • Mountain Peaks in India
  • Important Hill Ranges of India
  • Major Mountain Passes in India
  • Important Glaciers in India
  • Important Rivers in India
  • Important Canals in India
  • Multi Purpose Projects in India
  • Important Dams in India
  • Important Waterfalls in India
  • Important Plateaus in India
  • Plains of India
  • Thermal Power Plants in India
  • List of Industrial cities in India
  • Nuclear Power Plants in India
  • Soil types in India
  • National Highways in India
  • National Waterways in india
  • Bird Sanctuaries of India
  • Ramsar Sites in India
  • Biosphere Reserves in India
  • National Parks in India
  • Tiger Reserves in India
  • Elephant Reserves in India
  • Wildlife Sanctuaries of India
  • Hill stations in India
  • Religious Places in India
  • World Heritage Sites in India
  • List of volcanoes in India
  • Important Cities of India
  • Hydroelectric Power Plants in India
  • Important Ports in India
  • Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPP)

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FAQ for Geography Notes for UPSC

Best Book for Geography for UPSC

NCERT – Class 6th to 12th are enough for UPSC preparation for both prelims and Mains exam.- but the important thing is how to read these NCERT. When you analyse chapters you find that same topics are given in class 6, class 9 and class 11 and so on. My advise you to read topic wise means cover one topic at a time from all classes. NCERT
Previous year Question Paper – give you confidence how much NCERT are important
You can also go for any other material/ Notes – PMF IAS, Vision IAS Notes etc all are good.
You can check Geography Notes for UPSC by Mentor At Home they are best composition of all above.

How to Study Geography for UPSC

Geography is very interesting subject but it demand conceptual understanding of many topics. To understand geographysical concept you have study in systematic manner for example if you want study Indian monsoon topic you have knowledge about wind system.

Best Notes for Geography for UPSC

Our notes for Geography are enough for UPSC. These notes are created by our mentors form all major sources for example NCERT, Vision IAS notes, PMF IAS notes etc. We also includes suitable maps and other image for effective study.