Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes- Components of Food pdf download
Here, we provide NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes Components of Food. Components of Food Class 6 Notes is designed in a very simple way that students easily understand. NCERT Class 6 Science Ch 2 notes help you in your exam. Class 6 Science Notes are designed by our expert team. You can also download the class 6 science notes chapter 2 pdf for offline study.
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NCERT Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Notes Overview
Notes of Ch 2 Components of Food, we learn about the different nutrients that we found in our food, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibres, and water. Class 6 Science Chapter 1 Notes, we learn about food, ingredients, herbivore, carnivore and omnivores etc.
Food:– Those components which we consume are called food. They provide nourishment to our bodies. Eg: – chapati, vegetables, milk, rice, butter, Bread Etc.
WHAT DO DIFFERENT FOOD ITEMS CONTAIN?
Our meals are made up of one or more ingredients that contain nutrients which are needed by our bodies. Major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, as well as dietary fibres and water.
Nutrients:- The ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called nutrients.
Do all foods contain all these nutrients?
No all foods doesnot contain all these nutrients.
What do these Nutrients do for Our Body?
These Nutrients can be found by some tests. Tests of the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are simpler to do than tests for other nutrients. Iodine, copper sulfate, caustic soda, test tubes, and a dropper are needed for these tests. Tests can be done on cooked food items as well as raw materials.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the first nutrient to be tested. There are many types of carbohydrates. The main carbohydrates found in our food are in the form of starch and sugars.
Carbohydrates provide us energy and are called energy-giving food. For example, Wheat, Potato, Rice etc. are good sources of carbohydrates.
Iodine Test for Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are easy to test and tests can be done as given below:
- Take a small quantity of food items or raw ingredient
- Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it
- Observe any change in colour
- If it turns blue-black, it indicates the presence of starch in the food item.
Proteins
Proteins are bodybuilding nutrients. They are needed to build every single part and organ of the body. They help in the growth and repair of our body.
Eggs, Meat, Lentils etc are good sources of proteins.
Test for Proteins
- Take a small quantity of food items for testing
- If it’s a solid, make a paste or powder it
- After that Grind or mash the food item and put it in to test tube.
- Add 10 drops of water and shake the test tube
- Using a dropper, add two drops of copper sulphate solution and ten drops of caustic soda solution to the test tube
- Shake well and let the test tube stand for a few minutes
- Observe if the contents of the test tube turn violet
- A violet colour indicates the presence of proteins in the food item.
Fats
Fats are high-energy nutrients. They are needed in a moderate amount by the body. Fats are the reserved food material of our body. Oils, ghee, butter etc are the sources of fat.
Test for Fats
- Take a small quantity of food item
- Wrap it in a piece of paper and crush it
- Observe the paper for an oily patch and hold it against the light.
- An oily patch on the paper indicates the presence of fat in the food item
Carbohydrates and Fats give us energy. But fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates. Foods containing fats and carbohydrates are also called ‘energy-giving foods.
Protein
Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body. Food which contains proteins is called ‘bodybuilding foods’.
Vitamins
Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy.
Different Types of Vitamins are
- Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and K. There is also a group of vitamins called Vitamin B-complex.
- Our body needs all types of vitamins in small quantities.
- Vitamin A keeps our skin and eyes healthy.
- Vitamin C helps the body to fight against many diseases.
- Vitamin D helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth.
Minerals
Minerals are needed by our body in small amounts. Each one is essential for the proper growth of the body and to maintain good health.
Most food items have more than one nutrient but these food materials have one particular nutrient in a larger quantity than others. For example, rice has more carbohydrates than other nutrients. Thus, we say that rice is a “carbohydrate rich” source of food.
Dietary Fibres and Water
Our body also needs dietary fibre and water, which are mainly provided by plant products in our food. Dietary fibres add to the bulk of our food and help our body get rid of undigested food.
Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from the body as urine and sweat.
Balanced Diet
A balanced diet consists of foods from all food groups, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
- Our daily food intake is known as diet.
- A balanced diet should contain all the necessary nutrients in the right Amount. It is important to take a balanced diet. For Example, a diet should contain the right amount of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
- A good amount of roughage and water is also essential in a balanced diet.
- A balanced diet helps to maintain good health and supports growth and development.
Do you think that all types of person need same types of diet?
No, every person need diet according to their physical work, age groups. For example, infants require more fat and protein in their diet as compared to adults, while elderly people may need more calcium and vitamin D. Pregnant women also require a different type of diet compared to others. Therefore, people of all ages do not need the same type of diet.
The amount of physical work that we do can also affect our nutritional requirements. People who do more physical work require more energy compared other. Similarly, athletes may require more protein to help build and repair muscles.
Deficiency Diseases
Deficiency diseases are caused by the lack of specific nutrients in the diet over a long period of time. The human body requires a range of nutrients to function correctly, and the absence of any nutrient can result in Diseases. For example, protein deficiency can lead to stunted growth, skin diseases, and diarrhoea, while a deficiency in both carbohydrates and proteins can cause complete growth stoppage and muscle wasting.
- Vitamin A Deficiency: Night blindness, dryness of the eyes, and roughening of the skin
- Vitamin D Deficiency: Rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults
- Vitamin C Deficiency: Scurvy
- Iron Deficiency: Anemia
- Iodine Deficiency: Goiter, cretinism
- Calcium Deficiency: Osteoporosis, tetany
- Protein Energy Malnutrition: Marasmus, Kwashiorkor
The good news is that all deficiency diseases can be prevented by consuming a balanced diet that includes all the necessary nutrients in adequate amounts. It is essential to eat a variety of foods to ensure that the body is getting all the necessary nutrients.
It is important to note that deficiency diseases can be prevented by consuming a balanced diet that includes all the necessary nutrients in adequate amounts.
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