Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 Notes: Our Country India

Our Country India is a Diverse country in the world. In Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 Notes: Our Country India we will read about the diversity of India. Our Country India class 6 notes are provided by our expert teachers. At MentoratHome we provide NCERT Notes in a very comprehensive language so that students can easily understand the topics. Students can also download Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 our country India Notes pdf.

About Our Country India

Our country India is a great country in the world It is very Beautiful and of vast geographical expanse. Here are some points to know about our country India.

  • India is seventh largest country in the world has an area of about 3.28 million sq. km.
  • The north-south extent from Kashmir to Kanyakumari is about 3,200 km. And the east-west extent from Arunachal Pradesh to Kuchchh is about 2,900 km.
  • India has diversity of landforms. It has The lofty mountains, the Great Indian Desert, the Northern Plains, the uneven plateau surface and the coasts and islands.
    • In the north, it is bound by the lofty Himalayas.
    • In the south, Indian Ocean.
    • In the east, Bay of Bengal.
    • In the west, Arabian Sea.
  • It is the second most populous country of the world after China.

Location Setting

India is located in the northern hemisphere. The Tropic of Cancer (23°30 ‘ N) passes almost halfway through the country.

  • Latitude extent- From south to north, the mainland of India extends between 8°4 ‘ N and 37°6 ‘ N latitudes.
  • longitudes extent- From west to east, India extends between 68°7 ‘ E and 97°25 ‘ E longitudes. Due Due to great longitudinal extent of about 29°, the difference between two points (eastern most and weastern most ) would be of about two hours.
  • local time of longitude of 82°30 ‘ E has been taken as the Indian Standard Time.

Indias Neighbours

There are seven countries that share land boundaries with India. These are – Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.

Short Trick- बचपन में MBA किया
ब- Bangladesh
च- China
प- Pakistan
न- Nepal
M- Myanmar
B- Bhutan
A- Afghanistan

Our island neighbours are- Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Sri Lanka is separated from India by the Palk Strait.

Political and Administrative Divisions

For administrative purposes, the country is divided into 28 States and 8 Union Territories.

  • The states have been formed mainly on the basis of languages.
  • Rajasthan is the largest state and Goa is the smallest state in terms of area.
  • Telangana became the 29th state (because that time J & K was a state) of India on 2 June 2014.
  • On 31 October 2019 Jammu and Kashmir became union territory.
  • Union Territory of Daman and Diu has been merged with the Union Territory, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and the new UT will be called Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu with effect from 26 January 2020.

Physical Division

Our Country India has a diversity of physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, coasts and islands.

  • The Northern Indian plains lie to the south of the Himalayas.
  • Great Indian desert (Thar) lies in the western part of India.
  • Peninsular plateau lies to the south of northern plains. It is triangular in shape.
    • Aravali hills, one of the oldest ranges of the world, border it on the north-west side.
  • The Vindhyas and the Satpuras are the important ranges.
    • The rivers Narmada and Tapi flow through these ranges. These are west-flowing rivers that drain into the Arabian Sea.
  • The Western Ghats or Sahyadris border the plateau in the west and the Eastern Ghats provide the eastern boundary.
  • To the West of the Western Ghats and the East of Eastern Ghats lie the Coastal plains.
  • There are a number of east flowing rivers for example Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri drain into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers have formed fertile deltas at their mouth.
  • The Sunderban delta is formed where the Ganga and Brahmaputra flow into the Bay of Bengal.

Himalayan

The word Himalayan is derived from Him+alaya mean ‘the abode of snow’. The Himalayan mountains are divided into three main parallel ranges.

  • Great Himalaya or Himadri– The northernmost is the Great Himalaya or Himadri. The world’s highest peaks are located in this range.
  • Middle Himalaya or Himachal– lies to the south of Himadri.
  • The Shiwalik– is the southernmost range.

Islands

Two groups of islands also form part of India.

  • Lakshadweep Islands– located in the Arabian Sea. These are coral islands located off the coast of Kerala.
  • Andaman and the Nicobar Islands– lie to the southeast of the Indian mainland in the Bay of Bengal.

Some important Tips

Latitudes

Longitudes

Island

Peninsula: A piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.

Desert: A vast sandy stretch of land.

Island: A piece of land that is surrounded by water on all sides.

Tributary: A small river or stream that contributes its water to the main river by discharging it into the main river from either side.

Delta: An area of land formed at the mouth of the river. It is usually triangular in shape.

Alluvial deposits: Fine soil brought by rivers and deposited in the river basins.

Corals: These are skeletons of tiny marine animals called polyps.

Tsunami: A strong and devastating harbour wave, generated due to an earthquake on the seafloor.

Strait: A narrow passage of water connecting two large water bodies like seas and oceans.

The Indian Ocean- The Indian Ocean is present in the south of our country India it is the third-largest of the world’s five oceanic divisions.

The Himalayas– The Himalayas, are a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.

The Arabian Sea– It is present in the southwestern part of India. The Indian state Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa and Kerala touch the Arabian Sea.

The Bay of Bengal– It is present in the south-eastern part of India. The Indian states Odisha, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh touch the Bay of Bengal.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 7 notes
India Physical Map

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